The history of the PPGCS goes back to 1968, when the Master's Program in Human Sciences was created and the first Dissertation was defended by Perseu Abramo in 1969. This pioneering postgraduate course, one of the oldest in Brazil, evolved in the following decade into the Master's Program in Sociology and History, with areas of concentration in Social History and Sociology of Culture. In 1990, the course was split, giving rise to the Master's Program in History and the Master's Program in Sociology. A major restructuring that took place in middle of 1998 resulted in the creation of the PPGCS in its current format, which began to offer Master and Doctorate courses in Social Sciences. However, in 2007, the academic scenario at UFBA changed with the diversification of its postgraduate programs and the creation of new ones, such as the Postgraduate Program in Anthropology (PPGA), the Postraduate Program in Interdisciplinary Studies on Women, Gender and Feminism (PPGNEIM) and the Multidisciplinary Postraduate Program in Ethnic and African Studies (Pós-AFRO). These new programs, formed by professors who had come from the PPGCS, required the PPGCS to undergo a significant change, redefining its research axis and its curricular catalogue to deal with the loss of part of its faculty and to reposition itself in the face of new academic demands. Despite these challenges, the PPGCS chose to maintain its transdisciplinary vocation, reaffirming a legacy that has spanned for more than five decades.
In recent years, the PPGCS has consolidated itself as a reference in the Northeast and one of the most prominent programs in the social sciences in Brazil. This recognition was achieved through a continuous process of reflection and adaptation to the new demands of the area, as well as to the institutional dynamics in which the program has been a leading agent. The PPGCS has sought to periodically renew its faculty, adjusting thematically and epistemologically its axis of research in order to reflect ongoing research and new questions in the social sciences, in addition to always keeping its curricular structure updated to offer excellent training. This constant effort for improvement culminated in the achievement of a score of 5 in the last for-year-CAPES evaluation in the area of Sociology.